The Arab Americans And Muslim Americans Essay - 1923 Words

Introduction More Than Muslim The current view of Arab-Americans and Muslim-Americans has been misconstrued by the media leading to extreme contempt towards these groups of people. Most Arab Americans have been generalized as Muslim extremists or refugees, when in fact this is not the case. This paper will explain how these people became a â€Å"group of interest†, depict what kind of people make up the Arab American population, parallel refugees and terrorists to expose common misconceptions of Arab-Americans, explain the sects of Muslim religion and its values, and finally conclude with why this matters to the American education system and my own personal reflection on my research. Part One: Contemporary/Historical Issues In contemporary American society Arab Americans are perceived as Muslim immigrants whose intentions are tied to terrorist groups, when in fact 35% of Muslim Americans are native born here in America, (Moule, 2012, p. 315). In addition, 60% convert to Islam later in life and only 40% are born Muslim, (Moule, 2012, p. 315). The misconstrued view of Arab and Muslim Americans began in part with the tragedy on September 11, 2001 when the Twin Towers collapsed. Following this event the media exploited the Islamic culture and anyone tied to it. Tragedy continued with the Iraq War in 2003, a civil war that continues to plague the country and its borders. It is also important to understand the difference between Muslim Americans and Arab Americans. Arab Americans canShow MoreRelatedArab and Muslim Americans777 Words   |  4 PagesArabs and Muslim Americans Andrew J. Ayers ETH/125 April 11, 2011 Teresa Edge Arabs and Muslim Americans What distinguishes African American Muslims from other practicing Muslims in the United States today? * Arabs are an ethnic group. * Muslims are a religious group. * Islam is the faith, like Christianity. * Muslim is a believer of that religion, like a Christian. * You cannot accurately identify the Muslims by nationality alone. * Just because you are Arab doesRead MoreThe Life Of An American Muslim Arab1941 Words   |  8 Pagesof an American Muslim Arab Arabs in general are struggling all around the world, and currently the biggest concern is the Israeli and Palestinian conflict. This conflict is quite a crazy conflict. The Israeli and Palestinian conflict led to the billions of Palestinian refugees to flee to the United States in hope to find a better place that they could or eventually call home. 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According to Disha, â€Å"the numbers of anti-Muslim hateRead MoreThe World Of The United States Essay1375 Words   |  6 Pages2016 there are 3.3 million Muslims that make up the total U.S. population. American Muslims come from all different backgrounds including converts from other religions and ethnicities other than Arabian. The U.S. Census Bureau does not ask religious affiliation so there is no official government count of the U.S. Muslim population. However, The Pew Research Center estimates that the total Muslim population will double by 2050 (Mohamed). The presence of American Muslims dates back more than 400 yearsRead More Arabs in the Media: Victim or Villain? Essay1339 Words   |  6 PagesArabs in the Media: Victim or Villain?   Ã‚  Ã‚   For decades, the media portrayal of the Arab culture and Islam has contributed to a skewed public opinion in America. Looking closely at the news coverage concerning the Middle East and the United States, there is an inherent media bias against Arabs and Muslims as foreign threats to domestic security. Stephen Franklin argues that Islamic nations are often portrayed in news reports as uniformly intolerant and anti-democratic (Franklin 17). Unfortunately

F. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby - 1838 Words

In Scott Fitzgerald’s, The Great Gatsby, there are numerous themes, resonating ideas, and patterns that occur, but none are as crucial to understanding Fitzgerald’s character Gatsby and the overall story than Fitzgerald’s portrayal of the dying American Dream. Before exploring the American Dream within the context of the text, readers should consider the changing concept of defining ‘the American Dream. While there are several interpretations of the American Dream, the one that is continuously presented throughout the text is best portrayed by Gatsby himself when he states, â€Å"My life, old sport, my life my life has got to be like this. It s got to keep going up.† The American Dream, as contextualized by Fitzgerald, is illustrated as a chase or a race from poverty or state of discomfort to a state in which individuals achieve elite, often materialistic goals. Fitzgerald demonstrates this chase for success throughout his text and uses his character s as vehicles to portray civil society’s idealized conception of The Dream, while simultaneously critiquing the concept of his perception of the ridiculousness of living only for the purpose of obtaining the Dream’s expected riches. Moreover, Fitzgerald’s varied uses of the American Dream is an effective literary technique to not only critique overt materialism, corruption, greed, elitism, and the Roaring 1920s society, but also aim to illustrate a subliminal message to American society about the negative aspects of the Dream as wellShow MoreRelatedF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby974 Words   |  4 PagesPoverty in the Valley of Ashes: The Great Gatsby â€Å"This is a valley of ashes- a fantastic farm where ashes grow like wheat into ridges and hills and grotesque gardens where ashes take the forms of houses and chimneys and raising smoke and finally, with a transcendent effort, of men who move dimly and already crumbling through the powdery air† (Fitzgerald 26). In the novel, â€Å"The Great Gatsby,† the author F. Scott Fitzgerald, mainly depicted lives of the rich and their luxuries but also showed theRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1289 Words   |  6 Pages and many people realized their own version of the American Dream during this period. The American Dream is one that many people want to achieve. However, F. Scott Fitzgerald demonstrates his true feelings about the American Dream in his classic novel, The Great Gatsby. 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Scott Fitzgerald wrote The Great Gatsby in the midst of the roaring twenties, which was an age full of wealth, parties, and romance. Young people living in the 1920s were centered around wanting to find love so Fitzgerald, along with many other authors during this time period, focused his writing in The Great Gatsby on relationships and affection. Jay Gatsby, one of the main characters in the novel, is a very mysterious man, but there is oneRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1720 Words   |  7 Pagesdriving force of evolution in humanity. It allows the aspiration of being able to do astonishing things, and proffers them prosperity in life. The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald delves into the American Dream and it’s demise. Fitzgerald focuses on the character of Jay Gatsby to materialize the false image that the American Dream created in the 1920’s. Gatsby is the protagonist of the novel, and is famous for throwing massive parties regardless of the s ecret life that he lives. The narrator, Nick CarrawayRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1845 Words   |  8 Pages â€Å"You don’t write to say something, you write because you have something to say.† F. Scott Fitzgerald was one of the most remarkable writers of all time during the Jazz Age. He started to reach an accomplishment of success with This Side of Paradise and accomplished it with The Great Gatsby. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novels take place back in the early 1900’s; he attempts to communicate knowledge to the elocutionist, in a sophisticated, but humorous way, that making it big is not uncomplicated. FurthermoreRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1202 Words   |  5 PagesJay Gatsby and F. Scott Fitzgerald F. Scott Fitzgerald is an acclaimed American author, popularly recognized for his novel The Great Gatsby. 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Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1761 Words   |  8 Pagescould be the main focus of people who are going out on their own to create a family. However, F. Scott Fitzgerald took a different route in his most famous novel. Fitzgerald uses his book, The Great Gatsby, to show how the idea of the American Dream is slowly dying in the society he created. Although the American Dream was prevalent during the time The Great Gatsby took place in, F. Scott Fitzgerald went against the social norm of believing in this idea and revolved his novel around the idea ofRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1894 Words   |  8 Pageslife. In the case of F. Scott Fitzgerald, this statement could not be truer. In fact, much of Fitzgerald’s most famous work feature plots that closely parallel events from his life (Lathbury 10). For example, his novel This Side of Paradise includes a young man who is rejected by the love of his life on the grounds of his social status. 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Essay in Midwifery The Child Mortality

Question: Describe about the Essay in Midwifery for The Child Mortality. Answer: Introduction: One of the leading reasons behind the child mortality in various hospitals can be designated as a result of the knowledge gaps of the midwives and the nurses of the pediatric ward that has raised the issue as a concern. Studies conducted have shown that the registered nurses in lots of hospitals have not gained complete knowledge about different practices that has to be considered in declaring a person as the nurse. Moreover, an increased amount of theoretical knowledge in comparison to that of practical works have also been a major concern for the lack of skill and knowledge in the fields of nursing. Different models of tools and questionnaires have been prepared in various reaseaches that often help to know about the gaps in the practice and knowledge of the nursing students. A good deal of change can be brought about by the nursing schools if the the nursing trachers and the authority alters the course in a way that would involve a good amount of clinical practices. Workshops held to provide knowledge in the technologies that are newly introduced into the market should be a help for the nurse. A thorough data analysis have been done through statistical tools to identify the percentiles of the gap as well as the skill levels to prove the condition of the basic knowledge of medication, skill and other parameters. Background: Nursing in the pediatric ward is a critical task, which requires continuous vigilance over the patient and a good amount of concentration and patience for the job requires handling of children from their infancy to the toddler stage. This field requires excessive knowledge about the way of handling kids and medication. It should also have up to date knowledge about the different medical discoveries as well as the machines that are coming in to the use (Monaghan, 2015). However, this is not the scenario that is observable in the country. The nurses are often ill-treated by the doctors and officials of the higher rank due to their lack of knowledge in the maintained domains. The nurses are seen having no complete knowledge of medication as the medication part in their curriculum only covers a small part of the rubric system (Gallipeau et al., 2015) In these ways different issues can be identified which results in compromises in the knowledge field of the nursing education. As a result, different reforms should be made so that the nurses of the present generation can prepare themselves for excellence in various fields and can carve out a respectable position in the society and take part in a valuable change (Mowry Crump, 2015). Title of the paper: Knowledge and Practice Gaps among Pediatric Nurses at a Tertiary Care Hospital Karachi Pakistan Aim and Hypothesis: A qualitative study is made on the present status of the nurses accounting about their skills and knowledge in respective field. This had helped to analyze the condition of the present day nurses in their fields. This study would help to ascertain the gaps present in their skill and knowledge in their respective areas that needs to be critically looked upon. It also helped to provide a clear scenario where changes to be made in the nursing education for the betterment of the education of the nurses so that they can be fully experienced in their job fields when they become graduated (Wright, 2013). Method: Five variables were selected based on the areas such as medication, skills, knowledge, code blue handling as well as in the field of operational instruments and knowledge required for it. These five variables that they chose are concrete and apt for assessing our data. In the medical field, gaps in the medication mainly covered the arenas such as compatibility of a particular drug with the system of the patient, or proper dilution that would not be harmful or be less effective to the patients and as well as proper dosage and calculation of the drug (Wall et al., 2014). In case of skills and practice, nasogastric tube insertion, suctioning, catheter fixing and cannulation are the prime fields where the assessment was made. Knowledge included aspects such as proper knowledge about the discoveries and new techniques that are published with the new diagnostic procedure along with a thorough knowledge of each and every disease (DeSilets et al., 2013). Code blue handling mainly involves th e handling of different emergencies. The ability to handle modern instruments are mainly concerned with handling modern equipments that are engaged in different analysis in the health sectors (Aziato Adejumo, 2014). The paper described every variable in a detailed manner that covered every arena of nursing thereby making the survey quite helpful for analysis. Sampling: The experimental survey that has been conducted was placed in the hospital consisting of 550 beds in various wards whose campus also had training school as well as a medical college in Karachi. A set of questionnaires were prepared and allotted for a pilot experiment. Conducting a pilot experiment is a plus point of the study ( Roche et al., 2013). After success, some faculty members of the nursing schoolteachers as well a clinical nurse instructor. Samples were about 45 nurses out of which 40 nurses were ready to take part in the education. Designs: This study has adopted the technique of the Quantitative study design so that a proper analysis could be done in knowing the knowledge gap of the nurses. It is unique in the sense that it was the first kind of study conducted in the country as claimed by then. So these efforts need to be praised. Maintenance of ethics: This study was entirely conducted without any breaches in ethics and codes. Before the onset of the experiment permissions were taken from the concerned authorities to avoid legal complicacies. The samples were made to sign a consent form expressing their appraisal to the survey. A complete freedom was provided to any nurses if ever they felt insecure about the survey or feel unsafe. Their names and identities were completely concealed from the survey and were promised not to be revealed. The data that was obtained from the study was kept safely in locked cabinets. It was clearly mentioned to them that this study would not help them in their personal front but would act as a contribution to the overall development of their nursing profession. This again would ultimately come back to them as a boon. The researchers have done their utmost in order to prevent any legal issues as well as no objections can be made later on during the experiment (Short, 2016). Data analysis: The version 14 of the software called SPSS software were utilized for the correct statistical analysis. Frequencies were calculated on the variables that were mentioned earlier. The statistical grouping was so prepared that it would be easier for understanding the entire scenario of the condition. Skills and the knowledge gaps among the respondents were assessed on terms of the frequencies and the percentages. Results As the purpose of the research was to explore the nurse knowledge and practice gap in nursing, a descriptive exploratory method was adopted using universal sampling to know about practice gap in pediatric nurse working at hospital in Karachi. The choice of method is appropriate for the study as exploratory research is conducted to find problem which is not clearly known (Van, 2013). It relies on informal interview or discussion with the employees or consumers. In this quantitative research to identify the knowledge gap in nurse, a questionnaire was developed to know about their knowledge in key areas like medications, skills like catheterization and oral tube insertion, updated knowledge in patient assessment, emergency handling and skill in operating medical device. The strength of the study is the questionnaire as it has covered almost nursing skills that a competent nurse must have in their daily practice. The findings of the qualitative research were useful due to strategic sample selection criteria. It restricted the sample to those who are more competent and have at least two years of nursing experience. This helped to reduce bias in the results. Firstly, the results of the study showed that about 34% majority of nurse had knowledge gap in medication practice. This results was significant as it revealed that medications for certain purpose continue to change and thus there was a need to make nurse aware about the current list of intravenous drugs in nursing practice regularly. A research by Chuang Tsao, (2013) gave solution to this problem by suggesting that learning materials regarding new medications should be given to nurse by mobile or by email twice every day for 10 days. This approach worked for the nurses in the study and similar approach can be used to increase the satisfactions level of nurse with new learning materials (Rosenzweig, 2013). Other knowledge gap was seen in t he skills required in nursing and gap in knowledge about health assessment and understanding disease process. This was serious trend noted in the research as nurse need to be expert in this area to carry out their nursing duties efficiently. The deficiency in nursing education process was also identified when many nurse reported that they were not taught about intubation and handling immediate cardiac arrest (Williamson et al., 2015). Hence, this research finding made it clear that immediate action is required to address the knowledge in nurses in Karachi hospital setting. Discussion The discussion section of a quantitative research demonstrates the level of analysis of the results of the research and new information gained by carrying out the research. The discussion of the research on knowledge gap in nursing practice is commendable as it gave answer to why gap in particular areas were found. For example, in case of lack of knowledge in medications, the explanation for the gap in skill was that course on medication dosage and dilution techniques carries only four credit hours in nursing diploma program and therefore there is greater chance of this incompetency in practice (Pilcher, 2016). Hence theory-practice gap was identified and the researcher also compared the results with other similar literature. The research by Hayes et al., (2015) is also a proof regarding incident and errors committed by nurse during medicine administration. The discussion section also highlighted the impact on knowledge-practice gap in nurses. For example if paediatric nurse do not h ave understanding of child development, their quality of nursing care will be compromised. In the event of increased medical error, they will also lose confidence and develop burnout, stress and depression. The discussion was appropriate as it not only mentioned the cause of problem but also gave relevant recommendation to tackle the situation and improve nursing education. Few useful recommendations included increasing credit hours for pediatric practice and special focus for paediatric specialize knowledge for at least six months. Duke et al., (2013) suggests pain management practice and changing attitude of nurse to tackle medical emergencies. Limitation Although the research was consistent with findings of other research on similar topics irrespective of country or location, the limitation identified in the research is not adequate. The researcher mentioned about the challenges faced in the conducting research as a limitation, but he did not mention about the limitation in study findings. On analysis of the complete research, it can be said that knowledge gap occurs not just due to inefficient nursing diploma program, but also due to insecurities and anxiety present in nurses. The research by Srensen Brahe, (2014) is also a proof that insecurities among nurses is a reason for interruptions in efficient nursing practice. Conclusion: Overall, from analysis of the entire paper one can easily find that it perfectly reflects the present condition of the nurses and the midwives working in the hospitals and other medical centers. The various loopholes that are present in the training procedures of nursing as well as lack of proper workshops to provide information about the present day technology is also marked in the study (Chen Hsu, 2014). It provides information about the exact fields where authorities need to work upon to bring out the best out of the nurses. Only then the country would receive care that would help the children to live well and recover from ill health. Reference: Aziato, L., Adejumo, O. (2014). Determinants of nurses' knowledge gap on pain management in Ghana.Nurse education in practice,14(2), 195-199. Chen, S. Y., Hsu, H. C. (2014). Nurses reflections on good nurse traits Implications for improving care quality.Nursing ethics, 0969733014547973. Chuang, Y. H., Tsao, C. W. (2013). Enhancing nursing students' medication knowledge: The effect of learning materials delivered by short message service.Computers Education,61, 168-175. DeSilets, L. D., Dickerson, P. S., Lavin, S. (2013). More on gap analysis.The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing,44(10), 433-434. Duke, G., Haas, B. K., Yarbrough, S., Northam, S. (2013). Pain management knowledge and attitudes of baccalaureate nursing students and faculty.Pain Management Nursing,14(1), 11-19. Galipeau, J., Moher, D., Campbell, C., Hendry, P., Cameron, D. W., Palepu, A., Hbert, P. C. (2015). A systematic review highlights a knowledge gap regarding the effectiveness of health-related training programs in journalology.Journal of clinical epidemiology,68(3), 257-265. Hayes, C., Jackson, D., Davidson, P. M., Power, T. (2015). Medication errors in hospitals: a literature review of disruptions to nursing practice during medication administration.Journal of clinical nursing,24(21-22), 3063-3076. Monaghan, T. (2015). A critical analysis of the literature and theoretical perspectives on theorypractice gap amongst newly qualified nurses within the United Kingdom.Nurse education today,35(8), e1-e7. Mowry, M. J., Crump, M. D. (2013). Immersion Scenarios Bridge the EducationPractice Gap for New Graduate Registered Nurses.The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing,44(7), 319-325. Pilcher, J. (2016). Learning Needs Assessment: Not Only for Continuing Education.Journal for Nurses in Professional Development,32(4), 122-129. Roche, J., Schoen, D., Kruzel, A. (2013). Human patient simulation versus written case studies for new graduate nurses in nursing orientation: A pilot study.Clinical Simulation in Nursing,9(6), e199-e205. Rosenzweig, M., Giblin, J., Morse, A., Sheehy, P., Sommer, V. (2012, March). Bridging the gap: A descriptive study of knowledge and skill needs in the first year of oncology nurse practitioner practice. InOncology Nursing Forum-Oncology Nursing Society(Vol. 39, No. 2, p. 195). Short, M. A. (2016). Nursing Perspectives: Neonatal Nurses: Key Stakeholders in the International Neonatal Consortium.NeoReviews,17(6), e305-e310. Srensen, E. E., Brahe, L. (2014). Interruptions in clinical nursing practice.Journal of clinical nursing,23(9-10), 1274-1282. van Riemsdijk, M. (2013). Everyday geopolitics, the valuation of labour and the socio-political hierarchies of skill: Polish nurses in Norway.Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies,39(3), 373-390. Wall, P., Andrus, P., Morrison, P. (2014). Bridging the theory practice gap through clinical simulations in a nursing under-graduate degree program in Australia.International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research,8(1). Wright, N. (2013). First-time knowledge brokers in health care: the experiences of nurses and allied health professionals of bridging the research-practice gap.Evidence Policy: A Journal of Research, Debate and Practice,9(4), 557-570. Wright, N. (2013). First-time knowledge brokers in health care: the experiences of nurses and allied health professionals of bridging the research-practice gap.Evidence Policy: A Journal of Research, Debate and Practice,9(4), 557-570.

Walmart in the South

Introduction Walmart’s success in Mexico can be attributed to its competitive cost-reduction strategy. The implementation of NAFTA helped to solve most of the problems that Walmart was facing. Part of the success comes from the new manufacturing companies that established in Mexico. The production of goods in Mexico reduced Walmart’s reliance on imports.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Walmart in the South specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Improved infrastructure played a role in enhancing the effectiveness of the firm’s logistics system. Walmart faces reduced growth in the U.S. market, and varied success in the international markets. There is a culture clash between subsidiaries’ managers and the group’s executives. The firm can use local brands to enter new markets. There is a greater opportunity if Walmart can exploit the unmet needs in the emerging markets. Analysis The imple mentation of NAFTA helped to solve most of the problems that Walmart was facing (Daniles, Radebaught and Sulivan 365). Walmart is known as a low price retailer. Without NAFTA, Walmart was finding it hard to maintain low prices. A tariff rate of 10% made it difficult to compete with local firms (Daniles, Radebaught and Sulivan 365). It shows that Walmart relied on imports, before the formation of NAFTA. Walmart’s success can be attributed to NAFTA, which is based on imported goods. Part of the success comes from the new manufacturing companies. As a result of the new manufacturing companies, Walmart does not need to import some of the products. The tariff rate is 3% in the post-NAFTA era (Daniles, Radebaught and Sulivan 365). Walmart can obtain the goods at a free-tariff rate if they are manufactured in Mexico. The manufacture of goods in Mexico helped Walmart to avoid imports. Freight costs and tariffs are eliminated as a result of local production. NAFTA helped to reduce the cost of imported goods. Part of the success comes from improved infrastructure. Better infrastructure has helped Walmart to solve the logistical problems that it encountered when it entered Mexico (Daniles, Radebaught and Sulivan 364). The firm was finding trouble to use its experience in logistics because Mexico lacked supportive infrastructure. The Mexican government and the private sector have been involved in improving infrastructure. Any American firm would have encountered similar logistical problems. Walmart’s central distribution centers have reduced part of the problem. The distribution centers provide a central location, which reduces the overall distance that goods need to be transported. It can be noted that Walmart’s competitive strategy provides its ability to succeed.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Walmart has continuously reduced prices as par t of its competitive strategy (Daniles, Radebaught and Sulivan 364). Walmart relies on low prices to capture a larger market share. The ability to negotiate with suppliers for lower prices is Walmart’s competitive strategy. Walmart captured a large market share through acquisitions, which gave it a higher bargaining power over suppliers. Competitors collaborated to have a similar advantage. However, they are disappointed by Walmart’s continuous reduction of product prices. Walmart’s success in competitive pricing can be attributed to its strategy to gain a large market share, and collaborate with suppliers. Another American retailer would not have succeeded with a different strategy. Walmart’s strategy in reducing costs gave it a competitive advantage. Comerci and Soriana have combined their purchases to gain a higher bargaining power over suppliers (Daniles, Radebaught and Sulivan 365). Walmart’s main strategy is to reduce costs by working closely with suppliers. Comerci and Soriana are forced to combine their purchases because they have lost their market share. Comerci and Soriana need a continuous improvement strategy to reduce cost. The firms need internal controls to reduce costs continually. If they can continually reduce costs, they will be able to match Walmart’s competitiveness. Walmart’s strategy in Mexico and Central America is to focus on cost reduction, and an efficient logistics system. The effectiveness of the logistics system has been used to support suppliers, and the distribution network (Daniles, Radebaught and Sulivan 364). Walmart segmentation makes it easier to target specific demographic groups. Bilateral agreements have reduced the tariff rates of imports from 49 countries (Daniles, Radebaught and Sulivan 365). Walmart has gained a wider range of option in countries from which it can import goods. NAFTA reduced tariff rates in North America making it easier for the firm to import product from the U.S. into Mexico. Geographical proximity has an impact on free trade agreements as it can be seen in the NAFTA agreement. It has an impact on the cost of freight. It affects the speed at which goods may be imported. When countries are located close together, goods take less time on board.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Walmart in the South specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Some of the challenges the firm may face as it expands include culture clashes, logistical problems, intense rivalry from local brands, and misunderstanding consumer preferences in different countries. Intense rivalry emerges when competitors copy Walmart’s pricing strategy. Misunderstanding consumer demand comes from entering new markets. Logistical problems are attributed to poor infrastructure, and different trends in new markets. Alternatives Enter new markets using local brands, and then convert to Walmart after some time (BDC par. 4) Walmart used the same approach in Mexico (Daniles, Radebaught and Sulivan 363). It can work in markets where people are loyal to local brands. The firm may also use local brands permanently. Advantages The firm can capture a large market share rapidly because it is able to benefit from the local brand. It provides time to win local brand loyalists, before changing to Walmart. It provides time learn and integrate new cultures. Disadvantages It may build the local brands instead of promoting Walmart as a brand. It may be necessary to have separate marketing programs to capture different brands, which may increase marketing costs. Find markets for products that can be made locally as new products Eyring, Johnson and Nair (par. 5) suggest that the best way to succeed in the emerging markets is to find unmet needs, and develop products to meet the needs. The firm can seek to find out why some products are not very successful, and find ways of increasing the attractivenes s of the products. Eyring, Johnson and Nair (par. 3) discuss that multinationals fail to succeed in emerging economies because most of them think that reducing costs is the only formula to succeed. Advantages New products in new markets have a potential for rapid growth in revenues. Customers in emerging markets have a tendency of trying new products (BDC par. 3). Disadvantages New products may need a lot of marketing to create awareness. New products may turn into slow moving stock. New products may need importation, which increases cost. Walmart can succeed by targeting the largest social class in a country Eyring, Johnson and Nair (par. 5) explain that when a company targets high-income earners in emerging economies, they may not be very successful. The reason is that high-income earners do not form a large part of the population in emerging economies. Advantages Middle-income earners are increasing in emerging markets. Revenues rely on the sale of basic commodities, which c an get support from middle-income earners. Disadvantages The largest social class may have a low purchasing power, especially in emerging markets. The major difference between high-income earners and middle-income earners may be in the purchase of durables. Middle-income earners may purchase less of durable products than high-income earners. Walmart needs to update its automatic logistics system to recognize products with a high percentage of discounts, which they would not want to be reordered Advantage It will prevent reordering of products that do not maximize profits. Disadvantages It will be costly to regularly update the programmed system to match emerging needs. It will need verbal communication between managers of units, executives, and developers of the program. One of the ways of managing culture diversity is by managing the flow of information Nataatmadia and Dyson (581) discuss that knowledge sharing can applied down-upwards within an organization to improve multi cultural understanding. Nataatmadia and Dyson (582) support written communication as opposed to verbal communication for communities where English is learnt in the classroom rather than from practice. Advantages Written communication creates time for better statements and understanding between members. Written communication gives time to non-native English speakers to understand the subject. Managers can learn new things about the people’s culture. Disadvantages Written communication may require support software such as intranet or internet. It involves additional cost. Written communication may reduce openness, which is necessary for sharing knowledge. The Arkansas executive can allow managers in individual countries to create their own organizational culture provided that they meet the firm’s objectives The organization can have only the core parts of its organizational culture standardized.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Advantage The subsidiaries can meet the organization’s goals without having a culture clash between managers and employees. Disadvantages Walmart’s organizational culture may be lost when each subsidiary is identified with a different organization culture. It may difficult to transfer the same success Walmart has in the U.S. to other countries if managers cannot adapt to Walmart’s organizational culture. Conclusion Walmart has the alternative to manage by objectives, and allow subsidiaries to form their own organizational cultures. Sharing knowledge can be used to reduce culture clashes between managers. Walmart continuously reduces prices, which may prevent competitors from catching up with its low price strategy. Competitive pricing may not always be successful. Exploiting the unmet needs is a formula that may work best in emerging markets. Recommendations The firm can enter new markets using local brands. Acquisitions are a good penetration strategy in ne w markets with strong local brands. Television advertisement provides a better coverage, but is very expensive. In the U.S., in 2011, it was about $110,000 on average for a 30-second ad (Crupi par. 1). They can be used in the early stages, before the firm reverts to other methods of advertisement. Later, the firm can scrap out advertisement costs, which can be used to lower the cost of products. Works Cited BDC. Doing Business in Emerging Markets. 13 Jun. 2010. Web. Crupi, Anthony. In Their Prime: Broadcast Spot Costs Soar. 22 Jun. 2011. Web. Daniles, John, Lee Radebaught and Daniel Sulivan. International Business. 14th ed. 2011. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. Print. Eyring, Matthew, Mark Johnson and Hari Nair. New Business Models in Emerging Markets. 31 Jan. 2011. Web. Nataatmadia, Indrawati and Laurel Dyson. â€Å"Managing the Modern Workforce: Cultural Diversity and Its Implications.† Proceedings of the 2005 Information Resources Management Association Internat ional Conference. San Diego. May 15-18 (2005): 580-584. IRMA. Web. This essay on Walmart in the South was written and submitted by user Julissa C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.